Английский язык. Базовый уровень. 11 класс
Учебник для общеобразовательных организаций
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Тематика:
Гуманитарные дисциплины. Школа
Издательство:
Просвещение
Год издания: 2023
Кол-во страниц: 216
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Учебник
Уровень образования:
Среднее общее образование
ISBN: 978-5-09-110501-8
Артикул: 815783.02.99
Учебно-методический комплект Enjoy English «Английский с удовольствием» (11 класс) является частью учебного курса Enjoy English «Английский с удовольствием» для 2—11 классов общеобразовательных организаций.
Учебник состоит из четырёх разделов, каждый из которых рассчитан на одну учебную четверть. Разделы завершаются проверочными заданиями (Progress Check), позволяющими оценить достигнутый школьниками уровень овладения языком. Учебник обеспечивает подготовку к итоговой аттестации по английскому языку, предусмотренной для выпускников средней школы. Учебник соответствует Федеральному государственному образовательному
стандарту среднего общего образования.
Границы государств даны на октябрь 2022 г.
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УДК 373.167.1:811.111+811.111(075.3) ББК 81.432.1я72 Б59 ISBN 978-5-09-110501-8 Биболетова, Мерем Забатовна. Английский язык : 11-й класс : базовый уровень : учебник / М. З. Биболетова, Е. Е. Бабушис, Н. Д. Снежко. — 8-е изд., стер. — Москва : Просвещение, 2023. — 214, [2] с. : ил. — (Enjoy English. Английский с удовольствием). ISBN 978-5-09-110501-8. Учебно-методический комплект Enjoy English «Английский с удовольствием» (11 класс) является частью учебного курса Enjoy English «Английский с удовольствием» для 2—11 классов общеобразовательных организаций. Учебник состоит из четырёх разделов, каждый из которых рассчитан на одну учебную четверть. Разделы завершаются проверочными заданиями (Progress Check), позволяющими оценить достигнутый школьниками уровень овладения языком. Учебник обеспечивает подготовку к итоговой аттестации по английскому языку, предусмотренной для выпускников средней школы. Учебник соответствует Федеральному государственному образовательному стандарту среднего общего образования. Границы государств даны на октябрь 2022 г. Аудиоприложение: https://prosv.ru/audio-enjoy11-1/ УДК 373.167.1:811.111+811.111(075.3) ББК 81.432.1я72 Б59 Учебник допущен к использованию при реализации имеющих государственную аккредитацию образовательных программ начального общего, основного общего, среднего общего образования организациями, осуществляющими образовательную деятельность, в соответствии с Приказом Министерства просвещения Российской Федерации № 254 от 20.05.2020 (в редакции приказа № 766 от 23.12.2020). © АО «Издательство «Просвещение», 2021 © Художественное оформление. АО «Издательство «Просвещение», 2021 Все права защищены З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
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CONTENTS UNIT 1 Section Grammar focus Function Vocabulary Young People in Society Page 8 1 Varieties of the English Language Irregular plural forms Borrowings Common suffixes for adjectives Articles with the names of countries and languages Passive voice (revision) Expressing opinion Making comparisons Doing research Describing a photo Giving reasons Sharing ideas Discussing problems Completing a text Writing to an Internet forum Giving a title to the text Making comments on a statement The names of countries and languages Words and phrases related to speaking / learning languages Borrowings Linking words 2 Globalisation Is on the March Revision of tenses Expressing opinion Practising reading aloud Completing a text Giving arguments for and against sth Stating facts Doing research Presenting the results of research Words used to describe change Words used to support or oppose an idea Words used to describe origins 3 Rights and Respon- sibilities Modal verbs: obligation, necessity, permission Interviewing Discussing problems Expressing personal opinion Practising reading aloud Doing a questionnaire Writing using a plan Words and phrases related to rights and responsibilities Linking devices 4 Society and You Expressing personal opinion Giving reasons Discussing questions in pairs Reporting ideas Ranking criteria Doing research Writing a composition Words and phrases related to contributing to society 5 Crimes Against the Planet Progress Check Use of articles (revision) Describing pictures Discussing and reporting the results of a discussion Ranking reasons Words related to antisocial behaviour UNIT 2 1 Finding Your Way Tenses (revision) Word formation Writing captions Expressing personal opinion Writing a description Discussing questions Categorising Talking about jobs Describing pictures Reporting the results of a discussion Writing comments Completing a text Arranging a text in a chronological order Role-playing Personal qualities / skills Adjectives describing jobs Verbs related to professions / applying for jobs Your Dream Job Page 48 З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
Contents UNIT 2 Section Grammar focus Function Vocabulary 2 What Are You Going to Do after School? Future perfect (active and passive) Expressing personal opinion Stating facts Doing Internet research Writing a short description Completing a text Discussing pros and cons Discussing expectations Writing a letter Words related to higher education Vocational education terms 3 Exams Are Coming Reported speech (revision) Clauses of consequence so / such (that) Giving reasons Making up a story Expressing personal opinion Writing a description Doing a quiz Giving a title to the text Presenting photos Types of students 4 Are There Any Alternatives to Traditional Classes? Present perfect simple / present perfect continuous / past simple / past perfect (revision) Discussing alternatives Expressing personal opinion Interviewing Writing a description Discussing future plans Categorising Giving a talk Doing research Reporting the results of research Words related to e-learning and distance learning Progress check UNIT 3 1 Modern Technolo- gies: Pros and Cons Comparing past and present (revision) Future simple for making predictions Suffixes (revision) Expressing personal opinion Discussing alternatives Stating facts Describing things / photos (following a plan) Giving a title to the text Completing a text Making predictions Giving reasons (in written form) Asking comprehensive questions Making comments Doing Internet research Writing a paragraph Abbreviations of electronic / digital devices Multi-word verbs New Technological World Page 84 2 Wonderful Minds Past perfect passive Tenses (revision) Making guesses Stating facts Discussing information / problems Doing Internet research Writing a composition Completing a mind map Giving arguments for and against sth Giving advice Interpreting proverbs Solving linguistic and numeral puzzles Reporting the results of a group discussion Biographical information Phrases with the word “problem” Linguistic and numerical puzzles З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
Contents Section Grammar focus Function Vocabulary 3 Scientific Hypothesis Word categories (revision): articles, prepositions, relative pronouns / question words, linking words, comparatives, indefinite and personal pronouns, expressions of quantity Expressing personal opinion Giving a gist (in written form) Giving reasons Stating facts Discussing in groups Reconstructing an article Words and expressions related to science 4 The Ethics of Cloning Word building Expressing opinion Analysing facts Sorting out opinions Describing a picture Answering / discussing comprehensive questions Expressing attitude to ethical issues Writing an opinion essay Words and phrases used to express attitude to ethical issues 5 The Future of Healthcare Discourse Making predictions on medical issues Giving arguments Discussing health and food problems Categorising “health words” Writing a recipe for home remedy Role-playing Reporting the results of a discussion Phrases with the word “health” Words related to food and healthy eating; to health and medicine Words often confused 6 Eco-friendly Technology Word building Expressing opinion Stating facts Writing a paragraph Making comments on pictures Arranging events in the correct order Talking on an issue Describing a photo Words and expressions related to environment 7 The World Online Numerals Making comments on a cartoon Completing a text by putting its missing parts Creating and discussing explanations of words relating to the Internet Discussing pros and cons of the Internet Interpreting bar chart data Writing a text for a bar chart Words and expressions related to digital technologies and the Internet Progress Check UNIT 4 1 In the Country or in the City Categorising words and expressions Describing a picture Expressing opinion Writing an opinion essay Interviewing Reporting on the results of a discussion Describing photos in comparison Completing a text by putting its missing parts Giving a talk (following a plan) Doing research and reporting its results Preparing a brief summary Words and expressions related to life in the city and in the country What Are Your Whereabouts? Page 130 З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
Contents 2 Unusual Hobbies to Take Up Expressing personal opinion Discussing pros and cons of hobbies Giving a title to a text Comparing pastimes Stating facts Writing an informal letter Doing dictionary research Giving a talk (following a plan) Giving arguments for and against sth Making comments on a statement (in written form) Expressions with the word “time” Words and phrases related to hobbies and pastimes 3 My Circle of Friends Describing pictures / people Making comments on quotations Sorting out issues Discussing rules Writing “a friendship recipe” Stating facts Giving a summary of a text Expressing personal opinion Doing research and reporting its results Writing brief summary Making notes Describing relationships Personality adjectives Words and phrases related to friendship 4 Cultural Boundaries Combining words Describing lifestyles Stating facts Categorizing Discussing lifestyles and reporting the results Writing an informal letter Summarising the idea of a text Describing photos Words and phrases related to lifestyles Words and phrases related to dependency on technologies 5 Keeping Traditions Progress Check Talking on traditions / regional festivals Doing Internet research Writing short messages Writing a letter to the future Multimeaning words: tradition Congratulating APPENDIXES УСЛОВНЫЕ ОБОЗНАЧЕНИЯ Appendix 1. Activity File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Appendix 2. School English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Appendix 3. Learning Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 Appendix 4. Cultural Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Appendix 5. Grammar Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Appendix 6. List of Irregular Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 Appendix 7. Dialogue Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 Key Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 — текст для аудирования — работа в парах — работа в группах — задание повышенной сложности — работа с Интернетом — State Exam З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
Section 1 1 Young people in societY Section 1 Varieties of the english language 1 Do the quiz. use your Workbook to write the answers. 1 Do you enjoy learning English? 2 What is the main reason why you are learning English? 3 Do you remember your first English lesson? What did you feel? 4 What is your biggest achievement in English? 5 Have you ever visited an English-speaking country? 6 Have you ever spoken/written to a foreigner in English? How did it go? 7 What other foreign languages would you like to learn? 2 compare your answers with your partner’s. Discuss them if they are different. З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
UNIT 1 Section 1 9 No Egg in Eggplant There is no egg in eggplant or ham in hamburger; neither apple nor pine in pineapple. English muffins were not invented in England or French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies, while sweetbreads, which aren’t sweet, are meat. We take English for granted. But if we explore its paradoxes, we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. If the plural of tooth is teeth, why isn’t the plural of booth beeth? One goose, 2 geese. So, one moose, 2 meese? One index, two indices? Is cheese the plural of choose? In what language do people ship by truck and send cargo by ship? Have noses that run and feet that smell? Park on driveways and drive on parkways? How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell another? When a house burns up, it burns down. You f ill in a form by filling it out, and an alarm clock goes off by going on. When the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. 4 Look through the poem. Write down the words you don’t know. If you find anything strange about their meanings, look them up in a dictionary. Share your f indings with your classmates. 5 Find phrasal verbs in the last paragraph of the poem. Match them with the following def initions. Use these verbs in your sentences. 1 to be completely destroyed by fire — ... 2 to burst into flames — ... 3 to fill (something) completely — ... 4 to add information in the empty spaces of an official document — ... 3 Listen to the poem and read it. Which statement best summarises it? 1) The poem is about the beauty of English. 2) The poem is about learning foreign languages. 3) The poem is about the strange features of English. parkway ? guinea pig pineapple e ather eapple driveway boxing ring З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
UNIT 1 Section 1 GRAMMAR FOCUS: IRREGULAR PLURAL FORMS 6 a) Look at some irregular plural forms of nouns and find more examples in the poem. Check their forms in the dictionary. Woman — women, child — children, foot — feet, ox — oxen, tooth — teeth. b) Do some Internet research and add more irregular plural nouns to the list. 7 Work in groups. What can be done to make learning English easier? Write a list of ideas. 8 Work in pairs. Take it in turns to describe the photo. What do you think the people are doing? Use the plan. 1 Who is in the photo? 2 Where are they? 3 What are they doing? 4 Why do you think they are doing that? 5 What do they feel? 6 Would you like to do the same? 9 Listen to the radio programme about learning English and complete the statements. Use your Workbook. 1 “Crazy English” is a method of ... 2 Learners practise it by ... 3 This method helps the learners to ... 4 The school administration is against it because ... 5 “Crazy English” appeared when ... 6 Li Yang realised that ... was very effective for him. 7 According to his exam results, Li Yang ... 8 In 1994 he began ... 9 Today about ... people practise this method. 10 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions. 1 How can the method described in the radio programme help to learn English? 2 What cannot this method do? 3 Would you like to try learning English in this way? Why? 4 What would you like to improve in your own learning? LANGUAGE HELP effective / ineffective, helpful, ridiculous, embarrassing, fun, funny overcome shyness, build self-confidence, beat the fear of public speaking improve your knowledge of vocabulary / grammar develop reading / listening / speaking / writing skills fluency / accuracy 11 You are thinking of doing a course in a language school. Ask five direct questions to find out more information about it. See “How to Deal with Asking Five Direct Questions Task” in Learning Strategies for help. range of languages taught method of teaching duration of the course for beginners cost of the course for beginners discounts for students З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
UNIT 1 Section 1 11 12 Read the dictionary entry for the word “borrowing” and match the words with the languages they come from. borrowing — a word from one language that has been adapted for use in another. Note: All languages borrow words from other languages. We use them every day without even being aware of that. Some new words arrive with the people who come and settle down in a new country, others provide a name for a new invention or concept. We have been borrowing words for centuries and words continue to travel from one language to another. Word Origin sauna Italian tea Japanese avatar Russian flower Indian karaoke German coffee French safari Finnish sputnik Chinese piano Arabic koala African hamburger Australian Aboriginal 13 Work in groups. Think of examples of borrowings in your language. Where do they come from? How often are they used? How do you feel about them? 14 Read the names of some languages. Where do you think they are spoken? How do you know? Spanglish Chinglish Franglais Danglish Hunglish Finglish Poglish Runglish Italish 15 Read the text about these kinds of languages. How do they appear? Pidgins are new languages which develop as a means of communication among people who don’t have a common language. They are only used for oral communication and have smaller vocabularies and simpler grammar than native languages. Their function is often limited so they do not last very long. Pidgins don’t have native speakers and they usually disappear when communities move apart. However, if a Pidgin survives, it can develop into a Creole language to become a next generation mother tongue. It is still uncertain where the word “pidgin” comes from. It has been in use since 1850 when it first appeared in print. The most wide- spread view is that the word “pidgin” comes from the Chinese pronunciation of the English word “business.” Another idea suggests that the word originates from the English word “pigeon”. This bird was used in the past for carrying brief written messages. The Russian-English pidgin language, Runglish, became known in 2000 when it was used as the language aboard the International Space Station. Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalyov said: “We say jokingly that we communicate in Runglish, a mixture of Russian and English languages, so that when we are short of words in one language, we can use the other, because all the crew members speak both languages well.” Since then Runglish has been listed as one of the on-board languages by NASA. Although it’s not as popular as other pidgins, it is spoken in a number of English-Russian communities, especially the Russian-speaking community of Brighton Beach in Brooklyn, New York. Numerous scientists have become interested in pidgins in the last few decades because by studying these young languages it is possible to see how new languages appear and develop. З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
UNIT 1 Section 1 16 Read the text once again and say whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements. 1 The languages described in the text were invented to help people understand each other better. 2 Pidgin languages are used for speaking and writing. 3 We don’t know for sure where the word “pidgin” comes from. 4 Runglish was invented in space. 5 Runglish is the most well-known pidgin in the world. 6 Runglish is spoken only aboard the International Space Station. 7 It’s worth doing research into pidgin languages. WORD FOCUS: COMMON SUFFIXES FOR ADJECTIVES 17 Look through the text again and underline all the adjectives. Put them in the table in your Workbook. Form more adjectives from the words below and add some examples of your own. Read them aloud paying attention to the stress. Suffix Examples -al -ant, -ent, -ient -ed -ing -ful -ic -ive -less -ious, -ous -ible, -able -y tradition, effect, excellence, remark, understand, create, communicate, culture, limit, interest, ambition, wonder, responsibility, history, music, care 18 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in capital letters. 1 The languages they teach in this school are less … in Russia. TRADITION 2 The language course I took last summer was … . EXCELLENCE 3 The new method of learning English is quite …, but I don’t think it is … for everyone. INTEREST EFFECT 4 They offer a … number of free places on the course. LIMIT 5 You can count on her to do the task on time. She is a very … person. RESPONSE 6 He is extremely … . He wants to learn several languages and become a diplomat. AMBITION 19 Work in groups of 3—4. Draw a scheme / picture to show how languages influence each other. Explain it. Share your ideas with other students. See “Tips for Participating in a Discussion” in Learning Strategies for help. LANGUAGE HELP The scheme shows … Local dialects, means of communication, mother tongue, mixture You can see how … appear / develop / disappear / be spoken / be used borrow from understand each other different / similar / widespread / international Interestingly, … З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
UNIT 1 Section 1 13 20 Work in pairs. Answer the questions. 1 What is Globish? 2 Who do you think speaks it? 3 Do you think it’s useful? 4 Does it have any future? 21 Read the text ignoring the gaps. Were your guesses correct? 22 Fill in the gaps in the text with parts of the sentences that have been removed from it. What helped you to do the task? See “How to Deal with Fill-in-the-gap Test Questions” in Learning Strategies for help. a) though the idea got lots of criticism b) whose ambition is to promote global understanding between nationalities c) a constructed language with 850 words d) as the English language can be extremely complicated e) as a tool for world peace f) but the idea is that with 1,500 words you can express everything g) specifically with the business world in mind h) in a speech at Harvard University in 1943 23 Work in groups of 3—4. Make two lists of advantages and disadvantages of simplified languages. GRAMMAR FOCUS: USE OF ARTICLES WITH THE NAMES OF COUNTRIES AND LANGUAGES 24 Read the rules and match them with the examples. There is more than one example for each rule. 1 We do not use “the” with the names of countries. There are some exceptions: the Netherlands, the Sudan, the Vatican City. 2 We use “the” with the names of countries when they include words, such as state, republic, kingdom etc. 3 We do not use “the” with the names of languages when they are NOT followed by the word language. Examples: a) I’ve always wanted to learn Italian. b) A friend of mine has gone to the USA as a volunteer. c) The Vatican City has a unique collection of artistic and architectural masterpieces. d) The Netherlands became known worldwide as Holland in the 17th century. e) The Chinese language is the oldest written language in the world. People have always been in need of a consistent language to do business across the globe and lots of non-native English speakers are trying to solve this problem. It’s not always easy (1) ... . Just think of 615,000 words in the Oxford English Dictionary! However, some experts claim they have the answer. As early as the 1920s, Charles Kay Ogden created Basic English, (2) ... . Ogden said that it would take seven years to learn English, seven months for Esperanto, and seven weeks for Basic English. The concept gained its greatest publicity just after the Second World War (3) ... . Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt supported the idea of using Basic English as an international language, and Churchill recommended it (4) ... . Amused critics said that “blood, toil, tears and sweat” translates into Basic English as “blood, hard work, eyewash and body water”. (5) ..., it did not die. Another simplified version of the English language appeared called Globish. It was created in the 1990s by Jean-Paul Nerrière (6) ... . It uses only the most common 1,500 English words and phrases and continues to expand as a tool of common understanding in simple international communication. This expansion of Globish has made some people worried about the cultural diversity and the purity of non-English languages. Some also find Globish limited in what it can express (7) ... . Nerrière himself is sometimes described as a remarkable man (8) ... . He hopes that “some day it will be accepted as a viable alternative by the European Union or the United Nations.” The simple goal of Globish is to reach only a level — a common ground — where everyone understands everyone else, everywhere in the world. З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .
UNIT 1 Section 1 25 Fill in “the” where necessary. Find the countries mentioned in the exercise on the world map. What languages are spoken in these countries? 1 ... Republic of Korea is near ... Japan and ... China. 2 She comes from ... Netherlands. 3 ... United States of America is located in North America between ... Canada and ... Mexico. The official language of ... USA is ... English. 4 ... China is the third world’s largest country. ... Chinese language is one of the most difficult for Europeans to learn. 5 ... Croatia lies on the northeast of Adriatic, it borders with ... Slovenia, Bosnia and Serbia. 6 ... Cyprus lies in the Mediterranean, 71 km south of ... Turkey. Most people in Cyprus speak ... Greek and ... English. 7 She went to ... United Kingdom to learn ... English. 8 What countries share a border with ... Norway? 9 ... New Zealand is a country in the Pacific Ocean southeast of ... Australia. About 10% of the population are Maori people who lived there before Europeans came. They speak ... Maori language. 26 Work in pairs. Discuss the question Do you think English should be simplified and made easier to learn? Share your ideas with the rest of the class. 27 Read what some teachers wrote on an Internet forum about that. Say which of the ideas are good from your point of view. Give your reasons. Gerald Stoldt from Germany I know that doing business in English does not always require very good usage or even a complete understanding of the language. Why should we speak the way native speakers do when we can already understand each other? It is more important to be able to communicate and understand each other than to be grammatically correct. Sometimes students are taught old-fashioned phrases and vocabulary with subtle meanings and this makes it difficult for all users of English to understand each other! Students should be taught simpler English. Daniel Somers from the UK I don’t think there is any use in simplifying a language: if we over-simplify the language we teach, it will become useless for real communication. On the other hand, if the language is too difficult to learn, not many people will be able to master it. I believe we should teach a foreign language in a manner close to how children start learning their mother tongue, and then gradually work towards the real-life language. We definitely should aim at reaching a “real” language level, otherwise there is no sense in learning it at all. З © АО «Издательство «Просвещение» для коллекции ООО «ЗНАНИУМ » .