Эпомен: юридические науки, 2022, № 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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Содержание 

Гарькуша А. Г., Наумов Якуб Я., Арефинкина Е. Г. 
Женская преступность в Российской Федерации (стр. 9–17) 
 
Горшенина Ксения В., Хачина К. А., Ишназаров Д. У. 
Сравнительная характеристика статей 158, 161, 162 (стр. 18–23) 
 
Джалолов Р. А. 
Незаконное финансирование терроризма: новые вызовы для правоохранительных органов в 
международной безопасности (стр. 24–30) 
 
Осокина Д. Д. 
Уголовное право по псковской судной грамоте (стр. 31–40) 
 
Можная Е. В. 
Анализ качества подготовки кадастровой документации на основе практического опыта 
(стр. 41-44) 
 
Смольницкая А. А. 
Особенности административной ответственности за совершение публичных действий, 
направленных на дискредитацию использования вооружѐнных сил РФ (стр. 45–50) 
 
Таран Н. Н. 
Межбюджетные трансферты и их роль в финансовом обеспечении субъектов Российской 
Федерации (стр. 51-57) 
 
Черняк А. Д. 
Экономический анализ права (стр. 58–69) 
 
Трифанова А. А., Перяшкина А. А., Барабашкина Е. В., Гнетова Л. В. 
Налоговая ответственность и еѐ место в системе юридической ответственности (стр. 70–75) 
 
Usenko A. S. 
Determination of the structure of the criminalistic characteristics of illegal participation in 
entrepreneurial activity (стр. 76–80) 
 
Usenko A. S. 
Interrogation of a suspect in cases of illegal participation in entrepreneurial activity (стр. 81–85) 
 
Usenko A. S. 
Investigative situations of the initial and subsequent stages of the investigation of illegal 
participation in entrepreneurial activity (стр. 86–90) 
 
Яковлев-Чернышев В. А. 
Сущность и значение конституционной идентичности для защиты основ конституционного 
строя Российской Федерации (стр. 91–96) 
 

http://epomen.ru/issues/Law/3-2023.pdf

Table of Contents 

Garkusha A. G., Naumov Y.  Y., Arefinkina E. G. 
Women's crime in the Russian Federation (pp. 9–17) 
 
Gorshenina K. V., Khachina K. A., Ishnazarov D. U. 
Comparative characteristics of articles 158, 161, 162 (pp. 18–23) 

Dzhalolov R. M. 
Illegal financing of terrorism: new challenges for law enforcement agencies in international 
security (pp. 24–30) 
 
Osokina D. D. 
Criminal law under the pscov judicial charter (pp. 31–40) 

Mozhnaya E. V. 
Analysis of the quality of cadastral documentation preparation based on practical experience (pp. 
41-44) 
 
Smolnitskaya A. A. 
Peculiarities of administrative responsibility for the performance of public actions aimed at 
discreditation of the use of the armed forces of the Russian Federation (pp. 45–50) 
 
Taran N. N. 
Legal significance of interbudgetary transfers and in the financial support of the subjects of the 
Russian Federation (pp. 51-57) 
 
Chernyak A. 
Economic analysis of law (pp. 58–69) 

Trifanova A. A., Peryashkina A. A., Barabashkina E. V., Gnetova L. V. 
Tax responsibility and its place in the system of legal responsibility (pp. 70–75) 
 
Usenko A. S. 
Determination of the structure of the criminalistic characteristics of illegal participation in 
entrepreneurial activity (pp. 76–80) 
 
Usenko A. S. 
Interrogation of a suspect in cases of illegal participation in entrepreneurial activity (pp. 81–85) 

Usenko A. S. 
Investigative situations of the initial and subsequent stages of the investigation of illegal 
participation in entrepreneurial activity (pp. 86–90) 
 
Yakovlev-Chernyshev V. A. 
The essence and significance of constitutional identity for the protection of the foundations of 
the constitutional order of the Russian Federation (pp. 91–96) 
 
http://epomen.ru/issues/Law/2023/3.pdf 
 

УДК/UDC 343.914 
 

Женская преступность в Российской Федерации  

Гарькуша Анастасия Геннадьевна 
студентка 4 курса очной формы обучения 
Сочинский институт (филиал) Российский университет дружбы народов 
г. Сочи, Россия 
e–mail: anastasia.garkusha.29@mail.ru  
 
Наумов Якуб Якубович 
студент 4 курса очной формы обучения 
Сочинский институт (филиал) Российский университет дружбы народов 
г. Сочи, Россия 
e–mail: naumovakub73@gmail.com  
 
Арефинкина Екатерина Геральдовна (Научный руководитель) 
к. ю. н., заведующая кафедры «Уголовного права и процесса»  
Сочинский институт (филиал) Российский университет дружбы народов 
г. Сочи, Россия 
e–mail: arefinkina@mail.ru  

Аннотация 

В 
статье 
приводятся 
и 
анализируются 
положения, 
закрепленные 
на 

законодательном уровне, связанные с гендерной спецификой отдельных составов 
преступлений, а также с закрепленным уголовным законодательством запретом на 
назначение лицам женского пола некоторых видов наказаний, в частности, в виде 
пожизненного лишения свободы. Авторы указывают на неоднозначное отношение к 
данным 
положениям 
различных 
исследователей, 
недостаток 
основательных 

монографических исследований на упомянутую тему и необходимость научного 
закрепления целесообразности подобных норм. Рассматривая вопрос о неприменении в 
отношении лиц определенного пола конкретных видов наказания, авторы указывают на 
необходимость четкого и аргументированного обоснования данного и затрагивают 
криминологическую составляющую – количественные и качественные показатели 
женской преступности, а также причины ее существования. 
 
Ключевые слова: назначение наказаний, уголовная ответственность женщин, женская 
преступность. 

Women's crime in the Russian Federation 

 
Garkusha Anastasia Gennadievna 
4th year full-time student 
Sochi Institute (branch) Peoples' Friendship University of Russia 
Sochi, Russia 
e–mail: anastasia.garkusha.29@mail.ru 
 
Naumov Yakub Yakubovich 
4th year full-time student 
Sochi Institute (branch) Peoples' Friendship University of Russia 
Sochi, Russia 
e–mail: naumovakub73@gmail.com 
 

Scientific adviser: 
Arefinkina Ekaterina Geraldovna 
PhD in Law, Head of the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure 
Sochi Institute (branch) Peoples' Friendship University of Russia 
Sochi, Russia 
e–mail: arefinkina@mail.ru 

Abstract 

The article cites and analyzes the provisions enshrined at the legislative level, related to 

the gender specificity of certain elements of crimes, as well as the prohibition fixed by criminal 
law on the appointment of certain types of punishments for females, in particular, in the form of 
life imprisonment. The authors point to the ambiguous attitude of various researchers to these 
provisions, the lack of thorough monographic studies on the mentioned topic and the need for 
scientific consolidation of the expediency of such norms. Considering the issue of non-
application of specific types of punishment against persons of a certain gender, the authors point 
out the need for a clear and reasoned justification for this and touch upon the criminological 
component - quantitative and qualitative indicators of female crime, as well as the reasons for its 
existence. 
 
Key words: sentencing, criminal liability of women, female crime. 
 

There is a consolidation at the legislative level in Part 3 of Article 19 of the 

Constitution of the Russian Federation of equality of rights and freedoms, as well 

as equal opportunities for their realization for men and women [1]. This provision 

is an integral component of the legal status of an individual in a modern state. 

However, the recognition of this equality, in a formal way, cannot reliably testify 

to the full equality of the actual status of these persons. Unable to ignore the 

objective factors that cause the different, in certain spheres of life, the position of 

men and women, the state normatively reflects them in legal norms. 

It is necessary to differentiate between factors related to gender and those 

related to gender: "Gender, which is a social phenomenon, does not imply an 

assessment exclusively of the physiological (sexual) characteristics of a man and a 

woman, but requires taking into account the role and status of a person in the 

system of social relations" [2, p. 9]. 

According to the data, when mentioning the legal regulation of gender 

differences, we should proceed not from the physiological component, but from the 

position of the person's place in the system of public relations. Considering the 

issue of gender differences in the legal field, from this position, the mentioned 

principle of equality is not violated, due to the fact that physiologically the 

representatives of the sexes differ and this can only be stated as a fact. But the 

status of a person in the system of public relations is not determined only by the 

natural data of a person. The above applies, of course, to criminal law. Gender 

differences here are manifested in the specifics of specific elements of crimes, as 

well as in the imposition of punishments for crimes committed by female persons. 

Researchers, in particular, Aslanyan S.G., believes that currently 

approaches to the criminal legal assessment of legally significant acts, facts and 

circumstances due to gender characteristics do not differ in uniformity. And the 

characterization of individual criminal law norms should be carried out not just 

from the position of equality, but through the prism of the balance of these norms 

from the position of gender. 

Thus, the criminal law norm on the murder of a newborn child by a mother 

(Article 106 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) is not entirely 

unambiguous in the context of the issue under consideration. A sign of the 

situation (a traumatic situation) is objective, its content is determined only by the 

living conditions of a woman who gave birth to a child, while the same factors may 

be present in the life of a man who became a father (for example, in the case of the 

death of a mother during childbirth, the mother's rejection of a child, etc.) [2, p. 18-

19]. Summarizing what has been said, for a fair differentiation of responsibility in 

this regard, it is necessary to legislatively link and consolidate the sign that the 

commission of this act should be due to the psychophysiological state of the 

woman associated, namely, with the impact of the childbirth process on the 

woman's body. 

The mentioned ambiguity is also contained in the norms on the imposition 

of punishment for crimes committed by female persons. The Criminal Code of the 

Russian Federation in Article 44 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 

establishes the types of punishments that can be imposed on persons who have 

committed an illegal socially dangerous act [3]. This or that punishment may be 

imposed on any person, in accordance with the criminal act committed by him. 

However, regarding the appointment of certain types of punishments, there are 

certain exceptions. 

According to Part 2 of Article 57 of the Criminal Code of the Russian 

Federation, women are not sentenced to life imprisonment. Also, punishment in the 

form of the death penalty is not imposed on women (Part 2 of Article 59 of the 

Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). To date, the latter type of punishment is 

not carried out in our country due to the moratorium on its execution, but, 

nevertheless, the legislator has fixed a list of persons who cannot be assigned this 

penalty, which includes women. 

Taking into account the above-mentioned death penalty, we will speculate 

on the topic of not applying punishment in the form of life imprisonment to female 

persons. The legal nature of this provision generates heated discussions in public 

and legal circles and has repeatedly been the subject of consideration by the 

Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. 

So, in paragraph 3 of the Resolution of the Constitutional Court of the 

Russian Federation No. 7-P of 16.03.2017, it is explained that the restrictions 

provided for in Part 2 of Article 57 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 

on the imposition of life imprisonment related to the non-application of this 

punishment to women, persons who committed crimes under the age of eighteen, 

and men who reached the age of sixty-five by the time the court passed the 

sentence they do not exclude their criminal responsibility, but ensure its 

individualization based on the principle of humanism; these restrictions do not 

affect the assignment of punishment to other categories of persons who have 

committed crimes, corresponding to the nature and degree of public danger of the 

crime, the circumstances of its commission and the identity of the perpetrator, 

thereby do not infringe on their rights and, therefore, are not discriminatory [4]. 

In the works of individual authors, the mentioned argumentation seems 

insufficiently convincing, does not find support and appears as a manifestation of 

gender inequality in criminal legislation. In support of this, they point to an 

increase in the number of particularly serious acts committed by women and 

minors; an expansion of the range of high-profile crimes in which the category in 

question participates. 

It seems that a serious criminological examination of Part 2 of Article 57 of 

the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation will certainly contribute not only to 

improving the quality of ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens, but also to 

the most effective achievement of the goals facing punishment. Today there is a 

sharp shortage of thorough monographic studies in which, taking into account the 

biological, psychological, sociological, moral, criminological and other special 

characteristics of the persons specified in Part 2 of Article 57 of the Criminal Code 

of the Russian Federation, a scientific justification and sufficient argumentation of 

the expediency of this provision would be presented [5, p. 51]. 

Summing up the results of this fragment of the article, I would like to note 

the following. Earlier it was mentioned about the principle of equality enshrined in 

the Constitution of the Russian Federation. This principle is also present in the text 

of the Criminal Code itself in Article 4. It states that persons who have committed 

crimes are equal before the law and are subject to criminal liability regardless of 

gender and some other circumstances. And, given this, it is necessary to realize 

that the main thing in punishment is not its severity, but its inevitability. A person 

who has committed a crime must bear responsibility commensurate with the act 

committed by him. This cannot be applied only to males, bypassing females, and 

vice versa. Otherwise, the fundamental principle of criminal law – the inevitability 

of punishment, is questioned. In this case, a situation may occur where the scope of 

criminal liability will not be commensurate with the crime committed, which is 

unacceptable. The legislator's argument that such differentiation in order to 

individualize punishment is due to following the principle of humanism also leaves 

a lot of questions. Since the principle of humanism, in accordance with art. 7 of the 

Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is to ensure the safety of a person by 

criminal legislation and protection from causing him physical suffering and 

humiliation of human dignity when imposing punishment and other measures of a 

criminal nature, which goes beyond the scope of the issue under consideration and 

leads, in general, to another topic, and does not give a clear answer to the question