Сервис в России и за рубежом, 2021, том 15, № 2 (94)

2021, Vol. 15. Iss. 2 (94)

СЕРВИС

УЧРЕДИТЕЛЬ:  

Федеральное 
государственное 
бюджетное 

образовательное учреждение высшего образования 
«Российский государственный университет туризма и 
сервиса». Журнал основан в 2007 г.  
ОСНОВНЫЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ О ЖУРНАЛЕ 

Журнал зарегистрирован в Федеральной службе по 

надзору за соблюдением законодательства в сфере 
массовых 
коммуникаций 
и 
охране 
культурного 

наследия (свидетельство о регистрации СМИ Эл № 
ФС77-31755 от 25.04.2008).  

Включён
в Перечень ведущих рецензируемых 

научных журналов и изданий ВАК РФ (распоряжение 
Минобрнауки России № Р-11 от 08.02.2016), в которых 
могут 
быть 
опубликованы 
основные 
результаты 

диссертационных 
исследований, 
по 
группе

специальностей 08.00.00 «Экономические науки».

Журнал включён в наукометрические базы РИНЦ, 

Google Scholar, UlrichsWeb и др., индексируется в базах 
данных научных электронных библиотек eLibrary.ru, 
SCIARY, Киберленинка, EZB и др. 

Публикации журнала находятся в открытом доступе 

и распространяются на условиях лицензии Creative 
Commons «Attribution-ShareAlike» 4.0 International.

Ссылки на журнал при цитировании обязательны.
Редколлегия не всегда разделяет высказанные 

авторами публикаций мнения, позиции, положения, но 
предоставляет возможность для научной дискуссии.
АДРЕС РЕДАКЦИИ: 
141221, РФ, МО, Пушкинский р-н, д.п. Черкизово, 
ул. Главная, 99, к. 1217. 
Тел.: +7(967)246-35-69, 8(495)940-83-63 доб. 395
e-mail: editor@spst-journal.org, redkollegiamgus@mail.ru

PUBLISHER:

Russian State University of Tourism and Service (RF, 

Moscow). Founded in 2007.

BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE JOURNAL

Journal registered by the Federal 
Service for 

Supervision of Legislation in Mass Communications and 
Cultural Heritage Protection, RF (Reg. Эл № ФС77-31755 
from April 25, 2008).

The journal was included in the list of the leading peer
reviewed scientific journals recommended by the Higher 
Attestation Commission for publication of thesis results
(Economics and Sociology).

The journal is included in the Russian Science Citation 

Index, Google Scholar, UlrichsWeb, eLibrary.ru, SCIARY, 
CyberLeninka, EZB etc.

Full text files of all archived and current issues of the 

journal are in open access on the site and partner sites. 
Publication in the journal «Service and Tourism: Current 
Challenges» are available under license Creative Commons 
«Attribution-ShareAlike» («Attribution – on the same 
conditions») 4.0 International.

All rights reserved.
Authorial opinions, attitudes, positions, points of view 

on events and processes in Russia and in the world that 
have been said on the pages of the journal are not always 
shared by the editorial board. Editorial board is not 
responsible for the content and the accuracy of any given 
digital, illustrative, and cited materials in the publications 
of authors of the journal. 

CONTACTS:

Editorial office: 141221, Russia, Moscow region, Pushkino 
district, vill. Cherkizovo, 99 Glavnaja str., build. 1, room 1217.
Tel./fax: +7.495.940 8363, add. 395; mob. +7.967.246 3569
e-mail: editor@spst-journal.org, redkollegiamgus@mail.ru

SERVICES
IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD

В РОССИИ
И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ

ISSN 1995-042X
Сетевой научный журнал

Т. 15, No 2 (94)

2021

https://spst-journal.ru/ruservices

РЕДАКЦИЯ ЖУРНАЛА

Главный редактор:
Афанасьев О.Е. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и 
сервиса (РФ, Москва), лауреат Государственной премии 
Украины в области образования, д.геогр.н., проф.

Редакционный совет:
Новикова Н.Г. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, Москва), первый проректор, д.э.н., проф.; 
Председатель Редакционного совета
Ананьева Т.Н. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, Москва), д.соц.н., проф.
Бушуева И.В. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, Москва), д.э.н., проф.
Гладкий А.В. – Киевский нац. торгово-экономический 
ун-т (Украина, Киев), д.геогр.н., проф.
Неделиа А.-М. – Сучавский ун-т им. Штефана чел Маре 
(Румыния, Сучава), д-р философии (PhD), доц.
Пулидо-Фернандес Х.И. – Ун-т Хаэна (Испания, Хаэн), 
д-р философии (PhD), проф.
Фу Я.-И. –
Индианский ун-т –
Ун-т Пердью в 

Индианаполисе (США, Индианаполис), д-р философии 
(PhD), доц.

Редакционная коллегия: 
Василенко В.А. – Крымский федеральный университет 
имени В.И. Вернадского (РФ, Симферополь), д.э.н., проф.
Дышловой И.Н. – Крымский федеральный университет 
имени В.И. Вернадского (РФ, Симферополь), д.э.н., проф.
Климова Т.Б. – Белгородский государственный нац.
исследовательский ун-т (РФ, Белгород), к.э.н., доцент
Коновалова Е.Е. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и 
сервиса (РФ, Москва), (РФ, Москва), к.э.н., доц.
Михеева Н.А. – Санкт-Петербургский гос. экономический ун-т (РФ, Санкт-Петербург), д.соц.н., доц., проф.
Морозова Н.С.
–
Российский новый университет 

(РФ, Москва), д.э.н., доц.
Оборин М.С. – Российский экономический ун-т имени
Г.В. Плеханова, Пермский филиал (РФ, Пермь),
д.э.н., проф.
Петрик Л.С. – Поволжская гос. академия физической 
культуры, спорта и туризма (РФ, Казань), к.э.н., доц.
Погребова Е.С. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и сервиса 
(РФ, Москва), к.э.н., доц.
Трухачев А.В. – Ставропольский гос. аграрный ун-т 
(РФ, Ставрополь), к.э.н., доц.
Харитонова Т.В. – Финансовый ун-т при Правительстве 
Российской Федерации (РФ, Москва), к.э.н., доц.

Ответственный секретарь:
Афанасьева А.В. – Российский гос. ун-т туризма и 
сервиса (РФ, Москва), к.геогр.н., доц.

EDITORS

Editor-in-Chief:
Oleg E. Afanasiev – Russian State University of Tourism
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Geography, 
Professor, Laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine 
in the sphere of education

Editorial Council:
Natalia G. Novikova – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), First Vice Rector, PhD (Dr.Sc.)
in Economics, Prof.; Chairman of Ed. Council
Tatiana N. Ananyeva – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Sociology, Prof.
Irina V. Bushueva – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Alexander V. Gladkey – Kyiv National University of Trade and
Economics (Ukraine, Kyiv), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Geography, Prof.
Alexandru-Mircea Nedelea – Stefan cel Mare University of 
Suceava (Romania, Suceava), PhD in Marketing, Assoc. Prof.
Juan I. Pulido-Fernandez – University of Jaen (Spain, Jaen),
PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Yao-Yi Fu
–
Indiana University
– Purdue University 

Indianapolis (USA, Indianapolis), PhD in Hotel, Restaurant, 
and Institutional Management, Assoc. Prof.

Editorial Board:
Valentin A. Vasilenko – V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal
University (RF, Simferopol), PhD (Dr. Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Igor N. Dyshlovoj – V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal
University (RF, Simferopol), PhD (Dr. Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Tatiana B. Klimova – Belgorod State National Research 
University (RF, Belgorod), PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Elena E. Konovalova – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Natella A. Mikheeva – Saint Petersburg State University of 
Economics (RF, St. Petersburg), PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Sociology, Prof.
Natalia S. Morozova – Russian New University (RF, Moscow), 
PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Matvey S. Oborin – Perm Institute (branch) of Plekhanov 
Russian University of Economics (RF, Perm), 
PhD (Dr.Sc.) in Economics, Prof.
Lyudmila S. Petrik – Volga Region State Academy of Physical 
Culture, Sport and Tourism (RF, Kazan), PhD, Assoc. Prof.
Elena S. Pogrebova – Russian State University of Tourism 
and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Aleksandr V. Trukhachev – Stavropol State Agrarian 
University (RF, Stavropol), PhD in Economics, Assoc. Prof.
Tatiana V. Kharitonova – Financial University Under the 
Government of the Russian Federation (RF, Moscow), PhD
in Economics, Assoc. Prof.

Executive Secretary:
Alexandra V. Afanasieva – Russian State University of 
Tourism and Service (RF, Moscow), PhD in Geography, 
Assoc. Prof.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭКОНОМИКИ И ТУРИСТСКОГО СЕРВИСА

Балабейкина О.А., Янковская А.А., Попутнева М.И. Научный формат организации 
религиозного туризма как новое направление отраслевой деятельности

Дехтярь Г.М., Никольская Е.Ю., Филатова М.С., Христов Т.Т. Трущобный 
туризм как формат альтернативного вида путешествий: 
методологические вопросы и успешные практики

Захарова А.Г. Видеоматериалы как влиятельная стратегия в рекламнотуристическом дискурсе

Плотникова В.С. Образовательные возможности виртуального туризма

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА В СФЕРЕ УСЛУГ         .

Абдель Вахед Э.А.М. Развитие туризма в России в условиях 
международных санкций и их отображение в СМИ

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО, МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОГО 
И КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В СФЕРЕ УСЛУГ                                                                .

Деменев А.В., Скабеева Л.И. Предпринимательские компетенции и 
мультизадачность комплексной выпускной квалификационной работы 
в виде стартапа по созданию и развитию туристско-гостиничных комплексов

Морозов М.М. Управление устойчивым развитием сферы услуг в современных 
условиях

Оборин М.С. Современные маркетинговые технологии в управлении 
туристическими предприятиями

Сергеева Е.А. Управление конкурентоспособностью туристско-рекреационных
средств размещения с применением социальных медиа-инструментов

МАРКЕТИНГ УСЛУГ И ТЕРРИТОРИЙ                                                                                               .

Королева И.С., Вишневская Е.В. Анализ показателей развития цифровых 
сервисов в регионе (на примере г. Белгород)

Строева А.Г., Иволга А.Г., Елфимова Ю.М. Сельский туризм как перспективное 
направление развития сельских территорий регионов России

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОТРАСЛЕЙ, КОМПЛЕКСОВ, 
ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ СФЕРЫ УСЛУГ                                                                        .

Иванченко А.В. Прогноз производства на рынке мяса птицы

Ольмезова Н.А. Перспективные сегменты на рынке детских товаров 
в условиях изменяющейся рыночной среды

5

5

17

30

45

57

57

66

66

75

83

93

102

102

110

121

121

132

В РОССИИ
И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

Т. 15, No 2 (94)

2021

CONTENT

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMICS AND TOURIST SERVICE

Balabeikina O. A., Yankovskaya A. A., Poputneva M. I. Religious scientific tourism 
as a new form of religious tourism

Dekhtyar G. M., Nikolskaya E. Yu., Filatova M. S., Khristov T. T. Slum tourism 
as an alternative form of travel: methodological issues and successful practices

Zakharova G. G. Video materials as a persuasive strategy in tourism discourse

Plotnikova V. S. Educational opportunities of virtual tourism

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN SERVICES SECTOR: CURRENT ISSUES
.

Abdel Vahed E. A. M. Tourism development in Russia in the international sanctions 
and their representation in the media

STATE, MUNICIPAL AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
IN SERVICES SECTOR: CURRENT ISSUES                   

Demenev A. V., Skabeeva L. I. Entrepreneurial competence and multitasking 
of complex graduate qualification work in the form of a startup for the developing 
tourist and hotel complexes

Morozov M. M. Managing the sustainable development of the service sector 
in a modern conditions

Oborin M. S. Modern marketing technologies in the management of tourist enterprises

Sergeeva E. A. The competitiveness management of tourist and recreational 
accommodation facilities using social media tools

MARKETING OF SERVICES AND TERRITORIES                    

Koroleva I. S., Vishnevskaya E. V. Analysis of the digital services development 
indicators in the region (the case of the city of Belgorod)

Stroeva A. G., Ivolga A. G., Elfimova Yu. M. Rural tourism as a promising direction 
for the rural areas development in Russian regions

SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING INDUSTRIES, COMPLEXES,
BUSINESSES AND ORGANIZATIONS OF SERVICES SECTOR                  

Ivanchenko A. V. Forecast of production in the poultry meat market

Olmezova N. A. Promising segments in the market of children's products 
in a changing market environment

5

5

17

30

45

57

57

66

66

75

83

93

102

102

110

121

121

132

INTERPRETER: Alexandra V. Afanasieva, PhD in Geography, Assoc. Prof.
The author of the cover photo: Oleg Afanasiev, 2021

IN  RUSSIA
AND ABROAD
SERVICES

Vol. 15. Iss. 2 (94)

2021

НАУЧНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ

СЕТЕВОЙ

Balabeikina O. A., Yankovskaya A. A., Poputneva M. I.
Religious scientific tourism as a new form of religious tourism

UDC 338.48

DOI: 10.24412/1995-042X-2021-2-5-16

Olga A. BALABEIKINA

Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)

PhD in Geographic Sciences, Associate Professor; email: olga8011@yandex.ru

Anna A. YANKOVSKAYA

Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)

PhD in Economics, Associate Professor; email: aia777@yandex.ru

Mariia I. POPUTNEVA

Saint-Petersburg State University of Economics (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)

bachelor of Regional Studies; email: takidzukiyomo@gmail.com

RELIGIOUS SCIENTIFIC TOURISM AS A NEW FORM OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM

Abstract. For the first time in domestic and foreign scientific circulation, theoretical aspects related to the previously briefly mentioned scientific tourism of a religious orientation are revealed. 
It is proposed to consider this type of tourism as one of the directions of religious and educational 
tourism. The article offers the definition of scientific religious tourism, and also, depending on 
the purpose of the trip, two of its subspecies are distinguished - scientific and educational eventful and scientific expeditionary tourism. It is noted that due to the extremely low level of coverage 
of the problem, the sources of empirical materials are specific. One of the opportunities for the 
implementation of travel, caused by scientific religious tourism, are theological scientific conferences organized by monasteries and spiritual educational organizations, and some data were 
obtained by the method of participatory observation during the visits undertaken by the authors 
of those events in 2015-2020. The article shows that scientific and educational events of religious 
content, as well as accompanying books and other products, contribute to stimulate interest in 
visiting unique sacred places. The existing experience in organizing tours will diversify the offers 
on the market of tourist services and religious tourism of excursion and educational orientation.

Keywords: scientific religious tourism, scientific and educational event religious tourism, scientific expeditionary religious tourism, pilgrimage, scientific and theological conference, tourist of 
religious heritage.

Citation: Balabeikina, O. A., Yankovskaya, A. A., & Poputneva, M. I. (2021). Religious scientific tourism as 
a new form of religious tourism. Servis v Rossii i za rubezhom [Services in Russia and Abroad], 15(2), 5–16.
doi: 10.24412/1995-042X-2021-2-5-16. 

Article History
Received 19 May 2021
Accepted 21 June 2021

Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported 
by the author(s).

© 2021 the Author(s) 
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0). 
To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ  АСПЕКТЫ 
ЭКОНОМИКИ  И  ТУРИСТСКОГО  СЕРВИСА
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMICS AND TOURIST SERVICE

В РОССИИ

И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

Т. 15, No. 2 (94)

2021

УДК 338.48

DOI: 10.24412/1995-042X-2021-2-5-16

БАЛАБЕЙКИНА Ольга Александровна

Санкт-Петербургский государственный экономический университет (Санкт-Петербург, РФ)

кандидат географических наук, доцент; olga8011@yandex.ru

ЯНКОВСКАЯ Анна Андреевна

Санкт-Петербургский государственный экономический университет (Санкт-Петербург, РФ)

кандидат экономических наук, доцент; aia777@yandex.ru

ПОПУТНЕВА Мария Игоревна

Санкт-Петербургский государственный экономический университет (Санкт-Петербург, РФ)

бакалавр регионоведения; takidzukiyomo@gmail.com

НАУЧНЫЙ ФОРМАТ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ РЕЛИГИОЗНОГО ТУРИЗМА 

КАК НОВОЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ ОТРАСЛЕВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

Впервые в отечественном и зарубежном научном обороте раскрываются теоретические аспекты, связанные с кратко упоминавшемся до этого научным туризмом религиозной направленности. Предлагается рассматривать данный вид туризма в качестве 
одного из направлений религиозно-познавательного туризма. В статье рассматривается дефиниция научного религиозного туризма, а также в зависимости от цели путешествия выделяются два его подвида - научно-просветительский событийный и 
научно-экспедиционный. Отмечается, что в связи с крайне низкой степенью освещения 
проблематики источники эмпирических материалов имеют свою специфику. Одной из 
возможностей для реализации путешествий, обусловленных научным религиозным туризмом, служат богословские научные конференции, организованные монастырями и 
духовными образовательными организациями, и некоторые данные были получены методом включенного наблюдения в ходе посещения авторами обозначенного рода мероприятий в 2015-2020 гг. В статье результировано, что научно-познавательные мероприятия религиозного содержания, а также сопутствующая книгопечатная и иная 
продукция способствуют стимулированию интереса к посещению уникальных сакральных мест. Имеющийся опыт реализации организованных туров позволит разнообразить предложения на рынке туристских услуг и религиозного туризма экскурсионно-познавательной направленности.

Ключевые слова: научный религиозный туризм, научно-просветительский событийный 
религиозный туризм, научно-экспедиционный религиозный туризм, паломничество, 
научно-богословская конференция, турист религиозного наследия.

Для цитирования: Балабейкина О.А., Янковская А.А., Попутнева М.И. Научный формат организации 
религиозного туризма как новое направление отраслевой деятельности // Сервис в России и за рубежом. 2021. Т.15. №2. С. 5–16. DOI: 10.24412/1995-042X-2021-2-5-16.

Дата поступления в редакцию: 19 мая 2021 г.
Дата утверждения в печать: 21 июня 2021 г.

НАУЧНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ

СЕТЕВОЙ

Balabeikina O. A., Yankovskaya A. A., Poputneva M. I.
Religious scientific tourism as a new form of religious tourism

Introduction

Religious tourism, both pilgrimage and 

sightseeing and educational orientation, became
popular [9, 16] in post-Soviet Russia and has remained in many foreign countries for many centuries. The research results also look impressive, 
according to which objects of religious infrastructure, as well as sacred places that are somehow 
connected with religious worship, cause 90% of 
tourist interest [15: 194]. It should be considered 
that such a high demand for cult and religious objects of display and visit is presented not only by 
recreants following pilgrimage routes, but also by 
those whose main purpose is sightseeing and educational tourism.

The role of religious tourism in the socioec
onomic development of regions and countries is
significant [1], although some experts, for example, S. A. Lebedeva [11: 2110], determining the 
degree of popularity of certain types of tourism in 
Russian society, designate it as "niche" and "extremely specific", giving a small share of the probability of its independent development in the 
foreseeable future of Russian reality. They claim 
that there is a small probability of its independent 
development in the foreseeable future within the 
Russian reality. A number of circumstances contradicts this view. Therefore, at the beginning of 
the third millennium, the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) declared religious tourism being 
the most promising branch of the recreational 
service sector in the future development. Although, of course, we must admit that among 
those who demand religious tourist routes, the 
proportion of those for whom spiritually-oriented 
goals are a priority is negligible. It correlates with 
the proportion of practicing adherents of religions 
(in relation to Orthodoxy, such a contingent is 
usually defined as "ecclesiastical believers", and 
to Catholicism and Protestantism – "practicing believers"). Such a narrow orientation on a certain 
contingent of service demand bearers, depending 
on the degree of involvement of their representatives in religious life and its practices, is one of 
the factors that make religious tourism and its individual areas a vulnerable sub-sector of the 

recreational economy.

In general, tourism is one of the most sub
ordinate spheres of economic activity to external 
circumstances and is closely dependent on political, natural, economic, and social factors, and religious tourism, as its component, is subject to 
their influence to an even greater extent (confirmation of the latter is the almost complete destruction of this type of tourism in the Soviet period). The coronavirus pandemic has seriously affected the functioning and development of the 
tourist complex. However, even here, with a competent organization of the process, not only the 
old prospects are partially preserved, but new 
ones are also opened. In particular, this may also 
apply to domestic religious tourism in the conditions of almost complete absence of international 
rivalry.

The high degree of popularity and dynamic 

development of religious tourism in Russian and 
foreign regions required a serious scientific understanding of the issues related to its functioning. The answer to this issue was numerous studies undertaken by domestic and foreign authors
[6, 17]. Moreover, A. V. Babkin, S. Yu. Zhitenev, N.
N. Laguseva, T. T. Hristov, V. N. Yakunin [4, 10, 19,
20] should be mentioned first in the context of the 
research subject of this article, because these authors made significant attempts to differentiate 
religious tourism into separate types, although 
they paid close attention to scientific religious 
tourism. Meanwhile, objective facts (for example, 
the increasing number of scientific conferences 
organized and conducted by religious organizations – convents, theological seminaries, etc.) indicate that this area of religious tourism is developing quite dynamically in Russia, which makes it 
necessary to try to understand its scientific features.

Theory

The largest division within religious tourism 

is associated with the designation of pilgrimage as 
such and religious tourism of a sightseeing and 
educational orientation. These religious tourism’s 
subspecies and their semantic characteristics are 
quite firmly fixed in the domestic scientific 

В РОССИИ

И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

Т. 15, No. 2 (94)

2021

circulation [10,14]. Foreign scientists [16] also 
paid attention to these definitions, concluding the 
expediency of their differentiation.

The gradual development of religious tour
ism in practice and the close scientists’ attention 
to the transformational shift’s characteristic of 
recreational economy’s activity, led to the fact 
that within its well-established use as separate 
definitions of pilgrimage and excursion-cognitive 
directions, over time, various subspecies were 
formed in even more detail in terms of the specifics of the organization, content and theme. The 
selection of some of them, for example, the 
"prayer" tourism proposed by P. I. Ananchekova
[3], is considered as an independent sub-branch 
of tourist activity of a religious orientation, because in meaning and essence it coincides with 
the pilgrimage tourism. However, there are other 
subspecies of pilgrimage and sightseeing and educational religious tourism, which have become 
separate within them, due to their specific characteristics. So, for example, within the first of the 
named subspecies of religious tourism, depending on the interested motivation for participation, 
it is possible to designate religious-calendar and 
event-based pilgrimages [5: 11]. If we take this criterion as a basis, as an opportunity to implement 
religious and ascetic practices, then there is no 
doubt the independent significance of such a type 
of monastic pilgrimage as “trudnichestvo”, which 
assumes that the pilgrim is required, in addition 
to intensive participation in divine services, to 
contribute to the form of gratuitous feasible work 
for the benefit of the monastery [5: 11].

In religious and educational tourism or reli
gious tourism of excursion and educational orientation, there are also separate directions. A tourist product of this nature, due to unique approach
to the presentation of excursion material, the opportunity to explore rarely involved as objects of 
display on "secular" excursion and educational 
routes, sacred places, often difficult to be accessed logistically or requiring special approval 
from religious organizations to visit, have gained 
high popularity among consumers. Such high popularity among "civil" consumers of services (not 

being adherents of religion) [13] caused the proposal of the Romanian researcher V. Pushkashu to 
introduce the phrase "tourist of religious heritage" into scientific circulation. This category includes those participants of religious routes who 
have a purely cognitive interest [16] in religious 
objects.  

Steadily, religious tourism of an excursion 

and educational orientation, in general, most often focused on a diverse contingent in terms of 
involvement in the traditions and practice of the 
faith, began to include specific types in terms of 
purpose and content, involving a fairly narrow circle of specially trained people. Thus, a fairly dynamically developing scientific tourism of a religious and educational orientation was significantly identified in Russia just a few years ago.

There are no separate research works de
voted to this type of tourism available on domestic and foreign sources. This circumstance determined the purpose of this study-to identify the 
main characteristics and specific features of the 
development of scientific religious tourism as an 
independent subspecies of religious tourism of
excursion and educational orientation.

Data and methods

Due to the extremely low degree of cover
age of the problems chosen as the object of research of the presented article, the main types of 
sources of empirical materials that serve as the 
basis for its representativeness also have their 
own specifics. Since theological and other thematic scientific conferences organized by monasteries and spiritual educational organizations are
one of the opportunities for the realization of 
trips due to scientific religious tourism, some data 
were collected by the method of participant observation during the direct active visits of the authors of events of 2015-2020. First of all, this is 
due to full-time participation in the traditional annual international scientific and practical conference "Pykhtitsky Readings" held in 2020 in the remote format; the international educational conference IX "Sretensky Readings" (2015), which is 
held on the basis of the Russian Center for Science 
and Culture in Helsinki, as well as in a number of 

НАУЧНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ

СЕТЕВОЙ

Balabeikina O. A., Yankovskaya A. A., Poputneva M. I.
Religious scientific tourism as a new form of religious tourism

similar events held on the basis of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (SPBTA).

The legislative framework of the study was 

compiled by such documentary sources as the 
Tourism Development Strategy of the Russian 
Federation for the Period up to 2035 and the Federal Target Program "Development of Domestic 
and Inbound Tourism in the Russian Federation 
(2019-2025)". As a theoretical framework, the 
materials of conferences, as well as articles in domestic and foreign periodicals were used. This 
type of sources reflects general theoretical issues 
related to religious tourism and its directions, and 
directly scientific religious tourism is mentioned 
in them in fragments.

Up-to-date information related to the 

events that determine the very possibility of the 
existence of scientific religious tourism as a destination in recent retrospect and in the foreseeable 
future, allows you to get access to the official Internet portals of spiritual educational institutions 
of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow 
Patriarchate (ROC MP), Russian and foreign monasteries (not only Orthodox), the Educational 
Committee of the Moscow Patriarchate of the 
Russian Orthodox Church.

The main research methods, in addition to 

the included observation, were the analysis and 
synthesis of primary data posted on the official Internet portals of organizations that implement 
scientific and religious events, sources of scientific 
literature, and the method of summarizing information.

The practical significance and scientific nov
elty of the study are due to the fact that there are 
no generalizing materials in the scientific circulation that are related to the design, functioning 
and development of religious scientific tourism. 
This sub-sector has prospects for further expansion and development and continues to be implemented even in the context of a pandemic, although it is focused on a rather narrow circle of 
participants.

Research results

Scientific religious tourism was formed as 

part of religious excursion and educational tourism. It was firstly mentioned in the special literature owing to A. V. Babkin [4: 13]. Later V. N. Yakunin suggested to use the combination "scientific tourism for religious purposes" [20: 72]. Both
sources contain similar, but extremely fragmentary characteristics of this direction of religious 
tourism. They record only a very small degree of 
travel coverage. They indicate the expansion of 
the tourist trips’ area due to scientific tourism.

The idea of scientific religious tourism as a 

destination is too narrow and does not correspond to reality. It is aimed at an extremely small 
group of mainly European researchers; whose object of study is rare or extinct religious cults that 
have been spread in remote regions of the world 
in historical retrospect or have survived to this 
day. If we understand scientific religious tourism 
as an organized or individual trip, the purpose of 
which is to collect empirical materials for theological and religious studies, to test the results of 
these studies as a part of scientific conferences or 
other scientific and practical events organized by 
religious organizations and / or implemented on 
the basis of places associated with religious worship (monasteries, temples, theological seminaries, religious educational centres), etc., then it becomes obvious that this trend is quite dynamic in 
Russia (especially in the last few years preceding 
the COVID-19 pandemic) and its noticeable existence in some foreign countries.

Depending on the main purpose of the trip, 

scientific religious tourism can be divided into two 
directions: scientific and educational event tourism and scientific and expedition tourism. At the 
same time, the first of these subspecies involves 
active (as a speaker or lecturer) or passive (as a 
listener or visitor) participation in scientific and 
theological events – conferences, training seminars, forums on religious topics, etc.

Some events organized within this subspe
cies of scientific religious tourism have already acquired the features of a component of the branding of a sacred religious and cult object. As an example, the international scientific and practical 
conference "Pykhtitsky Readings" is organized

В РОССИИ

И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ
СЕРВИС

Т. 15, No. 2 (94)

2021

Table 1 – International Scientific and Practical Conference "Pykhtitsky readings" 

(Estonia, Kuremäe, 2012-2020)

Date of the event
Name/subject

Number of 
published 
reports

Countries / Russian cities that delegated partic
ipants
Notes

The first 

Pyuchtitsky 

readings

11-12.12.2012

Interaction of secular 
and spiritual cultures
25

Latvia, Russia, Sweden, Estonia / Vologda, 

Izhevsk, Krasnoyarsk, Magnitogorsk, Moscow, 

St. Petersburg, Tver

The second 
Puchtitsky 
readings

11-12.12.2013

Dialogue of pedagogi
cal traditions of Orthodoxy and modern 
education: the problem of personality for
mation

39

Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, Estonia/ Vologda, Izhevsk, Kostroma, Krasnoyarsk, Magnitogorsk, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, St. Peters
burg, Tver, Yaroslavl

The third 
Puchtitsky 
readings

11-12.12.2014

Cultural and historical 

traditions of Ortho
doxy

48

Belarus, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, Estonia / Vologda, Yelets, Izhevsk, Kirov, Krasnoyarsk, Magnitogorsk, Moscow, N. Novgorod, 
Petrozavodsk, St. Petersburg, Tver, Yaroslavl

The forth
Puchtitsky 
readings

11-13.12.2015

Historical, cultural and 
spiritual heritage: traditions and modernity

63

Belarus, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, 

Estonia / Vologda, Yelets, Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, 

Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, Nizhnevartovsk, N. 
Novgorod, Petrozavodsk, St. Petersburg, 
Stavropol, Tver, Khabarovsk, Yaroslavl

The fifth
Puchtitsky 
readings

11-12.12.2016

Orthodox culture and 
the practice of per
sonal education: traditions and modern ex
perience

58

Belarus, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, 
Estonia / Vologda, Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, 

Krasnodar, Kirov, Moscow, Nizhnevartovsk, N. 

Novgorod, Petrozavodsk, St. Petersburg, 

Saratov, Stavropol, Tver, Khabarovsk, Yaroslavl

All the speakers 

came to the confer
ence for full-time 

participation

The sixth
Puchtitsky 
readings

11-12.12.2017

Secular and spiritual 
cultural heritage as a 
value basis for the formation of a contemporary personality

70

Belarus, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Sweden, 
Estonia / Velsk, Vologda, Yelets, Izhevsk, 

Kaliningrad, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, 
Nizhnevartovsk, N. Novgorod, Petrozavodsk, 

St. Petersburg, Saratov, Tver, Tikhoretsk, 

Tomsk, Khabarovsk, Yaroslavl

The seventh
Puchtitsky 
readings

11-12.12.2018

Spiritual and moral 

education of a person: 
traditions and moder
nity

89

Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Russia, 

Ukraine, Sweden / Vologda, Yelets, Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, N. Novgorod, 
Petrozavodsk, Ryazan, St. Petersburg, Saratov, 

Samara, Yaroslavl

The eighth 
Puchtitsky 
readings

11-12 December 

2019

Orthodoxy and the 

spiritual and moral development of the contemporary personality

74

Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Russia, 

Ukraine, Sweden / Vologda, Yelets, Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, Krasnoyarsk, Kirov, Moscow, N. Novgorod, Petrozavodsk, Ryazan, St. Petersburg, 

Saratov, Staraya Russa

The conference was 
attended by a group 

of delegates-stu
dents and postgrad
uates of SPBTA (1 

speaker and 9 listeners), headed by the 
prorector for educa
tional work1

The ninth 

Puchtitsky readings (was held in a 
distance format) 
11-12 December 

2020

Axiological approach 
to personal development based on the 
complementarity of 
Orthodox and secular 

culture

53

Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Russia, 
Ukraine, Sweden / Vologda, Yekaterinburg, 
Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnodar, 
Moscow, Ryazan, St. Petersburg, Staraya Russa

1Students and teachers of the Academy took part in the international conference in the Pyukhtitsky monastery // Official 

website of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy of the ROC MP. URL: https://spbda.ru/news/studenty-i-prepodavateliakademii-prinyali-uchastie-v-mejdunarodnoy-konferencii-v-pyuhtickom-monastyre/ (Accessed on 06.01.2021)

НАУЧНЫЙ
ЖУРНАЛ

СЕТЕВОЙ

Balabeikina O. A., Yankovskaya A. A., Poputneva M. I.
Religious scientific tourism as a new form of religious tourism

annually and based on the Pykhtitsky Assumption 
Stavropol Convent (Estonia). According to the tradition which has been established since 2012, it 
takes place in mid-December. The table below 
shows the main scientific and religious thematic 
focus of this event and the scope of its participants. It should be noted that the beginning of 
such an event in the Pyukhtitsky monastery was 
laid back in 2002, when a conference on spiritual 
and moral education was held for the first time 
within its walls.

The table was compiled on the basis of the 

collections of materials of the Pyukhtitsky Readings conferences, the authors' own observations 
during their direct participation in the Pyukhtitsky 
Readings in the period from 2015 to 2020, as well 
as on the works of Komissarova T. S., Gladkiy Yu. 
N., Sukhorukov V. D. and Kalacheva F. [7, 8]

Referring to the data shown in table 1, we 

can conclude that during almost the entire period 
when the designated annual conference was held 
in person, the number of reports presented at it 
increased or remained consistently high. Among 
the countries represented by the participating 
delegates, Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Russia, Ukraine and Sweden are constantly featured. 
The coverage of Russian cities is also constantly 
expanding, from which speakers come to the Pyukhtitsky Monastery. It is logical that representatives of Moscow and St. Petersburg are numerically leading, but strong ties have also been established with the scientific and pedagogical community of Yelets, Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, Krasnoyarsk, 
Nizhny Novgorod, Petrozavodsk, Khabarovsk, etc. 
It should also be noted that despite the additional 
costs associated with processing visa documents 
for crossing the border with Estonia, the share of 
Russian speakers who take part in the conference 
in person is very high and is at least 80-90% of 
those who applied, and in 2016 it reached 100%. 
In recent years, the Pyuchtitsky Readings have attracted about 100-150 people, which is about 
10% of the population of Estonia itself. In addition 
to representatives of the clergy, the pedagogical 

2 Fifth Pyukhtitsky readings 2016 // Official website of the travel company "Akro-Travel". URL: http://www.akro
travel.ru/?p=982 (Accessed on 06.01.2021)

and scientific community, the designated event 
arouses a steady interest for the purpose of passive participation as listeners among those who 
arrived not only from Russia, but also from foreign 
countries, for example, from Finland.

Gradually, significant prerequisites were 

created for attracting Russian and possibly foreign 
theological seminaries to cooperate within the 
framework of the conference. For the first time, 
SPBDA students made presentations at the Pyukhtitsky Readings in 2018, and in 2019, a delegation of 11 students from there already arrived at 
the monastery. That is, the international scientific 
and practical conference Pykhtitsky Readings is an 
example of a dynamically developing event within 
the framework of scientific religious tourism. The 
number, professional affiliation, and the list of 
countries and cities represented by its participating delegates were constantly expanding until 
2020, when, for objective reasons, the event was 
held in absentia.

"Pykhtitsky readings" are also used in com
mercial activities as a factor in attracting a certain
contingent of recreants. For example, the St. Petersburg-based travel company "Acro-Travel", in 
consultation with the monastery's management, 
has repeatedly (though not annually) organized 
special tours for those who want to participate in 
the conference as listeners2. Tourists were offered services in the organization of transport, 
guided tours on the highway and a tour of the 
monastery, and accommodation and meals were 
provided to all participants at the expense of the 
Pyukhtitsky monastery.

Talking about the multiplicative economic 

effect of scientific religious tourism, which is created due to the development of the recreational 
sector of the economy, it is worth mentioning that
in general it is low due to the narrow contingent 
of participants. But the example of Pyuchtitsky 
readings in this key can be considered separately. 
In Estonia, where the population does not reach 
one and a half million, a scientific event with the 
participation of more than 100-150 people can be