Санкт-Петербург : тексты, диалоги, упражнения : книга III

УДК
373+374:908
ББК
81.2 Англ922
Г12

Гацкевич М.А.
Г12
СанктПетербург. Тексты, диалоги, упражнения. Книга III. —
СПб.: КАРО, 2004. — 208 с.

ISBN 5898153411

Предлагаемая книга является практическим пособием для изучения
достопримечательностей СанктПетербурга на английском языке.
Каждый раздел книги состоит из статьи об одном из храмов города, словаря, диалога и разнообразных упражнений, предназначенных для
лучшего усвоения предложенного материала.
Книга рассчитана на учащихся средних и старших классов общеобразовательных и специализированных школ. Может быть использована как
факультативный курс по теме «СанктПетербург».
Данная книга — третья в серии книг под общим названием «СанктПетербург. Тексты, диалоги, упражнения». Планируется выпуск аудиокассеты с текстами из данного сборника.

УДК 373+374:908
ББК 81.2 Англ922

ISBN 5898153411
© КАРО, 2004

В дополнение к книге можно приобрести
тематический аудиоматериал в формате МР3,
подготовленный издательством

Contents

Предисловие . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

The temples of St Petersburg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
The Peter and Paul Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
St Sampson Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
The Holy Trinity Alexander Nevsky Monastery . . . . . . . . . 31
The Smolny Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
St Isaac’s Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
St Prince Vladimir’s Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
The Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God . . . 81
The Saviour Transfiguration Cathedral of All the Guards 89
The Сhesmе Church (The Church of the Nativity
of St John the Baptist) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
St Nicholas Naval Cathedral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Cathedral of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. . . . . . 113
The Izmailovsky Cathedral of the Holy Trinity . . . . . . . . . 125
The Saviour on Spilt Blood (The Cathedral of
the Resurrection). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
The Lutheran Church of St Apostles Peter and Paul . . . 143
St Catherine RomanCatholic Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

St Catherine’s Armenian Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
The Great Synagogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
The Mosque . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
The Buddhist Temple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Предисловие

Дорогие девочки и мальчики, юные экскурсоводы!
Вы уже можете рассказать о многих достопримечательностях нашего города. Я надеюсь,
что вы провели не одну экскурсию. На страницах этого сборника вы познакомитесь с историей создания и архитектурой лучших храмов
СанктПетербурга. Наш город многонационален, и я попыталась рассказать вам о храмах
различных конфессий. Они являются настоящим украшением архитектурных ансамблей
СанктПетербурга. Невозможно представить
наш замечательный город без шедевров архитектурного искусства.
К счастью, мы живем во времена, когда многие из них реставрируются и возвращаются
людям. Надеюсь, что навсегда ушли в прошлое
страшные годы уничтожения красоты и исторических ценностей.
Любите, берегите, охраняйте и старайтесь
познать все, чем славится наш великолепный
город во всем мире.
Автор

The temples of St Petersburg

All over the world St Petersburg is famous for its architectural ensembles. The temples of St Petersburg are
the main decorations of these ensembles.
After the foundation of the city the first small wooden
church was laid on the 29th of June 1703 in the centre of
the Peter and Paul Fortress. That church was dedicated
to the apostles Peter and Paul. St Peter became the patron of St Petersburg. The city was named in honour of
this saint.
We can’t imagine wonderful ensembles of Nevsky
Prospect and many splendid squares without their magnificent temples.
The famous Russian and European architects designed
the most beautiful temples of St Petersburg. Domenico
Trezzini, Yury Felten, Bartolomeo Rastrelli, Ivan Star
ov, Andrey Voronikhin, Vasily Stasov, Mikhail Zemtsov,
Auguste Montferrand created the best examples of the
world’s architecture in St Petersburg.
People from all over the world come to St Petersburg
to see such outstanding ensembles as the Smolny Monastery and the St Trinity Alexander Nevsky Monastery.
They are impressed by the magnificence and splendour
of these structures and their inner decorations. The icons,
paintings, iconostases were executed by the world famous
artists. Andrey Rublev, Alexander Ivanov, Karl Bryullov, Mikhail Vrubel, Victor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Nesterov
and others created their masterpieces for the temples of
St Petersburg.

The temples of St Petersburg play an important role
in the life of the citizens. People always can get help and
support there. Many citizens come to the temples during
the Christian holidays.
During the 20th century after the revolution a lot of
churches were closed. Some temples were ruined. At the
end of the 20th century many temples were restored and
returned to the believers. Now we can see the real beauty
of these masterpieces.

The Peter and Paul Cathedral

The foundation stone of the cathedral was laid in May
1712 in the centre of the Peter and Paul Fortress. The
construction of the cathedral was started in the place of
the dismounted wooden church. The wooden church was
erected on Peter I’s order in 1703. It was consecrated in
the name of apostles Peter and Paul.
The building of the stone cathedral lasted for 21 years.
It was designed by the famous architect Domenico Trezzini. In 1733 the construction of the cathedral was completed. Domenico Trezzini himself directed the construction work. The building started with the erection of a
great belltower. Its construction was completed in 1723.
The belltower consists of several tiers. The tiers are
embellished with volutes. The belltower is crowned with
a gilded spire. On the tip of the spire there are a ball, a
cross and a weathervane. The weathervane is made
in the form of a flying angel holding a cross. The figure
of the angel was replaced three times, the last one in
2003. In the upper tier there is a chiming clock playing
a melody. This clock was brought from Holland and
mounted in 1776.
The belltower of the Peter and Paul Cathedral is one
of the symbols of St Petersburg. To the present day it
has remained one of the tallest structures in the city. It’s
122.5 metres high. The cathedral was built in the style of
Peter’s baroque. The building differs a lot from Russian
Orthodox churches. It was designed in the form not of a
cross but an elongated rectangle.

The interior of the cathedral is designed as a vast state
hall. It’s separated into three parts by massive columns.
The vault is decorated with fancy paintings and stucco
mouldings. Above the windows there are canvas panels
on gospel themes. They were created by the masters
Andrey Matveyev, Ivan Belsky and Georg Gzel. The
carved wooden gilded iconostasis is executed in the form
of triumphal gates. It was designed between 1722 and
1726 by Ivan Zarudny. The icons on the iconostasis were
painted by the master Pospelov. About forty skilled carvers, joiners and gilders took part in the creation of this
masterpiece.
After the construction the Peter and Paul Cathedral
became the burial place of the members of the Romanovs Dynasty. In 1725 Peter the Great was buried
there. Nearly all the emperors (except the tsars Peter II
and Ivan VI) were buried there. Between 1896 and 1908
near the cathedral the building on the Grand Ducal
Burial Vault was erected. It was intended for the burial
of tsar’s family members. The new structure was
connected with the Peter and Paul Cathedral with a
roofed gallery. The famous architect Benois created the
project of this building. There is mosaic on façades. The
interior is faced with marble and decorated with gilded
bronze.
After the revolution of 1917 the Peter and Paul Cathedral was closed. In 1921 the museum was opened
there. At the end of the 20th century it was returned to
the believers. Now the services are held in the cathedral.

Vocabulary

baroque барокко
belltower колокольня
burial place место погребения
canvas холст, картина; холщовый
carve вырезать (по
дереву)
carver резчик
chiming clock куранты
complete завершать
consecrate посвящать, освящать
construct строить,
сооружать
cross крест
crown увенчивать
design проект, проектировать
differ отличаться
direct руководить
dismount разбирать
elongated вытянутый
embellish украшать
erect сооружать,
создавать
except исключать,
исключая, кроме

face облицовывать
fancy причудливый
gilder позолотчик
gospel евангельский
intend предназначать
interior интерьер
joiner столяр
lay закладывать (здание, камень), положить
начало
marble мрамор
masterpiece шедевр
mount поднимать
Orthodox православный
panel панно
rectangle прямоугольник
remain оставаться
replace заменять
separate отделять
service служба
skilled квалифицированный, искусный
spire шпиль
state парадный, торжественный
stucco moulding лепное украшение
tier ряд, ярус

tip верхушка
vast громадный
vault свод, фамильный склеп

volute волюта, спираль, завиток
weathervane флюгер

I. Answer the questions.
I. Answer the questions.
I. Answer the questions.
I. Answer the questions.
I. Answer the questions.

1. Where and when was the foundation stone of the cathedral laid?
2. Where was the construction of the cathedral started?
3. When was the wooden church in the fortress erected?
4. What apostles was the wooden church named after?
5. Who ordered to construct that wooden church?
6. How long did the building of the cathedral last?
7. What architect designed the Peter and Paul Cathedral?
8. When was the construction completed?
9. Who directed the building work?
10. What structure was erected first?
11. When was the erection of the belltower completed?
12. What is the belltower crowned with?
13. What is there on the tip of the spire?
14. What form is the weathervane made in?
15. How many times was the figure of the angel replaced?
16. What is there in the upper tier?
17. Where was the chiming clock brought from?
18. When was the chiming clock mounted?
19. What is the height of the belltower of the Peter and Paul
Cathedral?
20. What style was the cathedral built in?
21. Why does the building of the cathedral differ from Russian Orthodox churches?
22. How is the interior of the cathedral designed?
23. How many parts is the cathedral hall divided into?