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Сборник текстов на английском языке

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Сборник разработан в соответствии с требованиями рабочей программы учебной дисциплины «Иностранный язык (английский)», позволяет приобрести и углубить знания по английскому языку. Предназначен для подготовки студентов по специальностям: экономика и управление на предприятии, менеджмент организации, управление персоналом, юриспруденция. Представляет собой сборник текстов страноведческого характера. Способствует формированию речевых умений для высказывания на иностранном языке. Сборник текстов может быть использован как источник дополнительных заданий в рамках любого курса обучения английскому языку (в том числе и подъязыку бизнеса).
Гучкова, В. В. Сборник текстов на английском языке [Электронный ресурс] / В. В. Гучкова. - Москва : МГАВТ, 2009. - 48 с. - Текст : электронный. - URL: https://znanium.com/catalog/product/401418 (дата обращения: 28.03.2024). – Режим доступа: по подписке.
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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

МОСКОВСКАЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ

ВОДНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА

В.В. Гучкова

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Альтаир – МГАВТ

Москва

2009

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

МОСКОВСКАЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ

ВОДНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА

В.В. Гучкова

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

СБОРНИК ТЕКСТОВ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ

Альтаир – МГАВТ

Москва

2009

Учебно-методическое издание

Гучкова Вера Вадимовна

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

СБОРНИК ТЕКСТОВ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ

Подписано в печать ___. ____. 2009г.

Формат ____ Объем      п.л.

Заказ N ____ Тираж ____ экз.

Издательство «Альтаир-МГАВТ»

Московская Государственная Академия Водного Транспорта

117105 г. Москва, Новоданиловская набережная, д. 2, корп. 1.

Гучкова В.В.

Сборник текстов на английском языке. М.: Альтаир – МГАВТ. 2009г., 

48 стр.

Сборник разработан в соответствии с требованиями рабочей программы учебной 

дисциплины «Иностранный язык (английский)», позволяет приобрести и углубить 
знания по английскому языку.

Предназначен для подготовки студентов по специальностям: экономика и 

управление на предприятии, менеджмент организации,  управление персоналом, 
юриспруденция. Представляет собой сборник текстов страноведческого характера. 
Способствует формированию речевых умений для высказывания на иностранном 
языке. Сборник текстов может быть использован как источник дополнительных 
заданий в рамках любого курса обучения английскому языку (в том числе и 
подъязыку бизнеса). 

Рецензент: ст.преподаватель Балыгина Е.А.

Рекомендовано к изданию Учебно-методическим советом МГАВТ.

Рассмотрено и рекомендовано к изданию на заседании кафедры иностранных 

языков МГАВТ (протокол от 14.04.2008г. №9).

Ответственность за оформление и содержание передаваемых в печать материалов 
несут авторы и кафедры академии, выпускающие учебно-методические материалы.

©  Гучкова В.В., 2009
© МГАВТ 2009

Text 1

1. Read the text:

№1

The rise of English is a story of wonderful success. When Julius Caesar landed in 

Britain nearly two thousand years ago, English did not exist. Five hundred years later, in the 
5th century, English was already spoken by the people who inhabited Great Britain but they 
were not many, and their English was not the language we know today. Nearly a thousand 
years later, at the end of the 16th century, when William Shakespeare created his works, 
English was the native language of about 6 million Englishmen. At that time English was not 
used anywhere else except Great Britain.

Nowadays, four hundred years later, 750 million people all over the world use 

English, and half of those speak it as a mother tongue. Of all the 2700 world languages 
English is one of the richest. For example, compare English, German and French: English 
has a vocabulary of about 500 000 words, German – 185 000, and French – fewer than 
100 000. At the and of the 20th century English is more widely spoken and written, than any 
other language has ever been. It has become the language of the planet, the first truly global 
language.

English is and has always been constantly changing. Some words die, some change 

their meaning and all the time new words appear in the language.

There are several ways to add new words to the language. One of them is by 

borrowing words from other languages. At the end of the 20th century in English there are 
many words that were borrowed from Latin, French, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and other 
languages. When Columbus came back from South America he brought home to Spain new 
plants – potatoes, tomatoes and tobacco. With the plants he brought their names. This is how 
these words appeared in Spanish and later were borrowed from it by the English language.

2. Choose the right variant according to the text:

1. The language which has the poorest vocabulary is … 

1. English
2. French
3. German

2. The number of people using English as a mother tongue is … 

1. more than 500 million
2. less than 500 million
3. equal to 500 million

3. The 5th century English ….

1. was like English today
2. was a mixture of dialects
3. differed greatly from modern English

4. A lot of names for plants came into English from ….

1. Dutch
2. Spanish
3. Italian

5. …. spoke English 2000 years ago.

1. No one
2. Inhabitants of Great Britain
3. Roman legionaries.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. Who inhabited Great Britain in the 5th century?
2. How many people spoke English in the 16th century?
3. How many languages are there in the world nowadays?
4. Can you prove that English is one of the richest languages in the world?
5. How has English been changing?
6. What are the ways of adding new words to a language?
7. What languages are many English words borrowed from?
8. What new plants did Columbus bring from South America?
9. What are their names?
10. What country did Columbus come from?

Text 2

1. Read the text:

№2

There are about ninety Universities in Great Britain, the biggest one is London 

University, and the oldest ones are Oxford and Cambridge. 

Oxford was founded in the 12th century as an aristocratic University and retains its 

aristocratic character to the present day: the cost of studies is comparatively high. Students 
have to pay for using libraries and laboratories, as well as for taking examinations.

Oxford` s organization is very complicated. In fact, the University is a collection of 

35 Colleges:  two for women only, the rest taking both men and women. Each college is a 
world of its own which gives its students a specialized training in arts, law, medicine and 
science. The largest college has over 500 students; the smallest college has 100 students.

The University is an administrative centre which arranges lectures for students of the 

colleges, holds examinations and gives degrees.

The tutorial system of education used both in Oxford and Cambridge is one of the 

ways in which Oxbridge differs from other English Universities. Every student has a tutor in 
charge of planning his work and discussing its results with the student; the student` s duty is 
to regularly see his tutor and submit papers and essays. The tutorial system of education 
brings the student into personal contact with his tutor, the latter trying to influence the social 
and political life of the student.

The academic year in England has three terms; each term lasts from eight to ten 

weeks. Terminal examinations take place at the end of the course of studies. If a student fails 

in an examination, he may be allowed to take the exam again, only two re-examinations are 
usually allowed. 

2. Choose the right variant according to the text:

1. Oxford University is ...

1. the biggest in Great Britain
2. as old as Cambridge
3. based on the principles of democracy

2. The system of education in Oxbridge is …

1. unique
2. just the same as in other British universities
3. formed on the model of European continental universities

3. A tutor helps his student …

1. to pay for his studies
2. to plan his work
3. to choose the necessary kind of sport to go in for

4. If a student fails in an examination …

1. he is allowed to take as many re-examinations as he likes
2. no re-examinations are allowed
3. only two re-examinations are allowed.

5. Every academic year students take exams…

1. once
2. twice
3. three times.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. How many Universities are there in Great Britain?
2. When was Oxford University founded?
3. What is the structure of Oxford University?
4. What training does each college give its students?
5. What system of education is used both in Oxford and Cambridge?
6. What advantages are there in the tutorial system of education?
7. How long does the course of studies last?
8. How many exams do the students take during the course?
9. What examinations take place at the end of the course of studies?
10. How many times are students allowed to take exams if they fail?

Text 3

1. Read the text:

№3

Each college at Oxford has several clubs of its own. Most of the students belong to 

one or more clubs. There is a debating club in every college as well as athletic and football 
clubs, and so on. At the clubs the students may read a book, a newspaper or play billiards 
with a friend. There are many University clubs which bring together students who are 
interested in literature, art, music, drama, travelling.

There is hardly any form of sport in which students do not engage. Of all the sports, 

rowing plays a leading role. Then comes cricket, a national English game, and then football. 
The University Boat-Race is the oldest of the sporting competitions between such old British 
universities as Oxford and Cambridge. The most interesting of the rowing races at the two 
universities are bumping races. They take place two times a year. These strange races were 
invented at Oxford and Cambridge. The rivers are not wide there, they are too narrow for 
boats to race side by side, and so somebody thought of a bumping race. No prizes are won in 
such races, but the winners are given the oars with which they rowed. Their names are 
written on each oar in gold letters.

The most interesting time to visit Cambridge is during May Week. This is neither in 

May nor a week. For some reasons which nobody remembers, May Week is the name given 
to the first two weeks in June, the very end of the University year. May Week denotes not a 
particular period of time but the general atmosphere of relaxation at the end of the year` s 
work.

2. Choose the right variant according to the text:

1. At Oxford University …

1. a student can be a member of different clubs
2. a student can be a member of just one club
3. to become a member of a club a student must be good at debating.

2. The most popular sport at Oxford University is …

1. football
2. rowing
3. cricket 

3. Bumping races were invented because …

1. it was possible for boats to race side by side
2. the width of the river was quite enough for such races 
3. it was the most exciting kind of races

4. The winners are given … 

1. gold oars
2. new oars
3. oars with their names engraved in gold

5. May week is …

1. a fortnight in June
2. a week in May
3. a week in June

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What clubs are there in each college at Oxford?
2. What role do these clubs play?
3. In what forms of sports do the students engage?
4. What sporting competition are the oldest ones between Oxford and Cambridge?
5. How often do they take place?
6. What prizes are the winners given in such races?
7. What is the most interesting time to visit Cambridge?
8. Does May Week really mean a week?
9. How is the end of the University year called?
10. What does May Week denote?

Text 4

1. Read the text:

№4

For company and conversation the English go to the ―pub‖. In the cafes you can have 

only coffee, tea and ―soft‖ drinks. You go to a cafe for a meal of for a quick cup of tea, but 
not to sit and watch the world go by. When you want to rest after a day’s work, you go to the 
public house.

Most pubs have a piano and on Saturday night the customers often sit round it and 

sing. The people who want to sing ask one of the customers to play the piano. They buy 
drinks for the pianist, that is the custom. The one who plays has free drinks as long as he 
plays. When he stops he becomes an ordinary customer again and must pay for his own beer.

The pub is the place where you meet people. You get to know other ―regulars‖, you 

buy drinks for them and they buy drinks for you, and you talk about the weather or how the 
English cricket players are doing in the match against Australia, about football or 
Parliament. But the regulars who meet there almost every night for years never go into each 
other’s homes.

On Saturday people usually stay in the pub till closing time. In England the opening 

hours are fixed by law. Pubs open at ten in the morning and close at two o’clock. Then they 
open again at six and stay open until ten-thirty. At Easter, or Christmas, or the New Year, the 
landlord may ask the authorities to keep open longer.

2. Choose the right variant according to the text:

1. Pubs differ from cafes by …

1. better meal and drinks;
2. cosy and friendly atmosphere;
3. lower prices.

2. In most pubs … plays the piano.

1. the landlord;
2. a fee-paid pianist;
3. one of the customers.

3. As long as the pianist plays …

1. he doesn’t have any drinks;
2. the customers buy him drinks;
3. he pays for his drinks himself.

4. The regulars of the pubs …

1. never invite each other to their places;
2. meet both at their homes and in the pubs;
3. play cricket together.

5. Pubs are …

1. open at weekends only;
2. open all day long;
3. closed from 2 to 6 p.m.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. Where do the English go for company and conversation
2. What drinks can you have in the cafes?
3. Where can people rest after a day's work?
4. What do the customers do when they want to sing in a pub?
5. Who has free drinks there?
6. What kind of place is the pub?
7. What do the customers talk about there?
8. At what time do pubs open and close?
9. What hours are fixed by law in England?
10. What does the landlord ask the authorities for at Easter or Christmas?